• br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Phosphatidic acid p

  2023-09-26

  

  Conflicts of interest Introduction Phosphatidic epibatidine phosphatase (PAP) enzymes are responsible for catalyzing the reaction that dephosphorylates phosphatidic acid (PA), which in turn produces diacylglycerol (DAG) and a phosphate group during phospholipid regulation (Fig. 1A) [1]. Subseq

• br Introduction In addition to ATP production

  2023-09-26

  

  Introduction In addition to ATP production, an important role of mitochondria in the pancreatic beta cell is anaplerosis, which is the net synthesis of citric Chaetocin cycle intermediates that are exported to the cytosol where they are converted to numerous other metabolites that stimulate and/o

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2023-09-26

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgments Introduction Adipose is a major endocrine organ which releases a range of bioactive agents [1]. Selected adipose depots have been established as sites of sex steroid metabolism [1]. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose express high levels of aromatase, cap

• Hepatoid adenocarcinoma closely resembles HCC and in

  2023-09-26

  

  Hepatoid adenocarcinoma closely resembles HCC and in some cases can be indistinguishable morphologically. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is an aggressive neoplasm, and metastasis to the liver is common [12]. Gastric metastasis from HCC has also been reported [27]. Distinguishing hepatoid adenocarcinoma fro

• The transcription factor activator protein AP is

  2023-09-26

  

  The transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a redox-sensitive transcription factor whose activity is controlled by agents that perturb intracellular thiol concentrations [10,11]. AP-1 is mainly composed of Jun, Fos, and ATF protein dimers [12,13]. AP-1 mediates the regulation of numerous

• Most clinically approved antiangiogenic drugs are

  2023-09-26

  

  Most clinically approved antiangiogenic drugs are aimed at blocking the action of vascular endothelial growth factor, or VEGF, which is accepted to be the most important tumor-derived angiogenic factor, stimulating proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, as well as branching of vessels (Fe

• Similarly results obtained in our lab using experimental dia

  2023-09-26

  

  Similarly, results obtained in our lab using experimental diabetic encephalopathy induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in C57BL-6 mice showed that the hippocampus of the diabetic animals exhibited reactive gliosis, neuronal loss, NF-kB signaling activation as well as high levels of IL-1β and vascular end

• AHR mediated MMP upregulation has been shown in response to

  2023-09-26

  

  AHR-mediated MMP1 upregulation has been shown in response to tobacco smoke [32]. Tobacco smoke contains various AHR ligands such as benzo[a]pyrene. Both benzo[a]pyrene [15] and FICZ [13] are high-affinity ligands for AHR and upregulate CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. FICZ is rapidly degraded by CYP1A1 [20], [33]

• br Conflict s of interest br Retinopathy of prematurity ROP

  2023-09-26

  

  Conflict(s) of interest Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of premature infants which disrupts normal retinal vascularization (Fleck and McIntosh, 2008). With increased survival of extremely premature infants

• Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2023-09-25

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The BV-tag-based electrochemiluminescence immunoassay is an extremely sensitive assay. It has been employed for detecting analytes present in only picogram quantities (e.g., bacterial toxins [26], 1145 [19]), measuring the activity of basic carboxypep

• br Discussion The clinical course of

  2023-09-25

  

  Discussion The clinical course of our patient until May 2012 was rather typical of early onset AChR-MG. Later on, the pattern of the disease was more typical of MuSK-MG, as evidenced by the distribution of myasthenic weakness and the unprovoked exacerbations. The caudatin receptor of MuSK-MG appe

• br Introduction Fungi are an

  2023-09-25

  

  Introduction Fungi are an inexhaustible source of natural products mainly due to their wide distribution in the nature, estimated to range from 1.5 to 5.1 million species in the world [1]. Secondary metabolites from fungi represent a substantial fraction of drugs and drug models in pharmaceutical

• As described in the introductory

  2023-09-25

  

  As described in the introductory section, the rotifer nervous system would be capable to transmit calculate molarity in throughout its neural pathways. In addition, Clément and Amsellem (1989) and Kotikova et al. (2001) suggested acetylcholine to be important for the functioning of rotifer muscles

• Regarding the HT B receptors they act

  2023-09-25

  

  Regarding the 5-HT1B receptors, they act as terminal receptors and are involved in the presynaptic regulation of the release of 5-HT. But at spinal level these receptors are principally situated post-synaptically (Sari, 2004). The ability of autoreceptors to regulate extracellular levels of 5-HT dur

• br Acknowledgements MC and PD were funded by the Michael

  2023-09-25

  

  Acknowledgements MC and PD were funded by the Michael J Fox Foundation (Grant ID 9969). We would like to thank Pierluigi Saba, Francesco Traccis and Barbara Tuveri for their technical assistance. Introduction In the prostate, androgens play a crucial role in normal, BPH and cancerous growth b

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