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In earlier experiments on snails a
2023-09-11
In earlier experiments on snails, a behavioral model was employed of certain food rejection to study the mechanisms of the reconsolidation of long-term associative memory. It was found that conditioned food stimuli (reminder) presentation, combined with injections of NMDA glutamate receptor antagoni
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Previously several genes such as cytokine Lyu and
2023-09-11
Previously, several genes such as cytokine (Lyu and Park, 2007), cell motility-associated genes (Schotterl et al., 2017), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), TGF-β receptor II which is a cell surface receptor with serine/threonine kinase activity (Jiang et al., 2014, Schotterl et al., 2017), cell
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Since innate immune responses represent the first defense
2023-09-11
Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin
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Thus phosphorylation of p was used to measure the intracellu
2023-09-11
Thus, phosphorylation of p38 was used to measure the intracellular potency of ASK1 inhibitors. In this assay, HEK293/AP-1luc PFTα expressing human full-length ASK1 were incubated with compound for 18 h and then lysed and the level of phospho-p38 was quantified using the HTRF assay [33]. Results
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We further evaluated the possibility whether letrozole media
2023-09-11
We further evaluated the possibility whether letrozole mediates its effect through diverting the pathway towards 5α-DHT and further to 3α-Diol. For this purpose, we measured the concentrations of 5α-DHT and 3α-Diol in mice hippocampus and found that letrozole elevated both 5α-DHT and 3α-Diol levels
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YM155 Despite these conflicting data about COX
2023-09-11
Despite these conflicting data about COX-2/ER correlations, a large body of evidence supports that elevated COX-2 expression in breast cancer is a constant feature of high stage disease and a predictor of worse outcome. Upregulation of COX-2 protein has been identified in approximately 40% of cases
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Beside estrogen several classes of
2023-09-11
Beside estrogen, several Asiatic acid of compounds have shown significant neuroprotective efficacy when administered shortly after the induction of animal models of stroke, including glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and zinc chelators [25], [26], [27]. Effects of these or other neuroprotective
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Overall the expression of both components ligand and recepto
2023-09-11
Overall, the expression of both components (ligand and receptor) of the apelin signaling system allows for analysis of the direct role of apelin in CL function, and specifically P4 production. Although the CL secretes many different hormones, P4 is of predominant importance because it is necessary f
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Some members from the AAAP family
2023-09-09
Some members from the AAAP family, namely the AUX1 and the LAX proteins, transport auxin instead of amino acids [48]. While there is some structural relationship between IAA and Trp, the substrate recognition characteristics seem different for these proteins: the auxins do not have any amino group o
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Interestingly all of the ROS rearrangements share
2023-09-09
Interestingly, all of the ROS1 rearrangements share a constant breakpoint in ROS1 and the fusion product contain the kinase domain resulting in aberrant ROS1 expression with constitutive kinase activity. Intrachromosomal deletions and interchromosomal translocations have demonstrated the existence o
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To guide our attempts at achieving AKT potency and
2023-09-09
To guide our attempts at achieving AKT potency and selectivity against p70S6K and other kinases from (p70 S6K IC: 0.004 μM) and , we took advantage of exploiting the subtle sequence differences in the active sites of the AGC family kinases, we utilized the information around crystal structure of AK
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The cavity volume of the
2023-09-09
The cavity volume of the binding pocket may differ not only between species but also among various AhR/ARNT isoforms within a single species. It is noteworthy that even a single amino bibf substitution within a binding pocket may result in a change in the cavity volume. This, in turn, may affect th
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The putative physiological meaning of epinephrine related he
2023-09-09
The putative physiological meaning of epinephrine-related hepatic drug transporter regulation remains to be established. It is nevertheless noteworthy that the catecholamine rather decreases expression of sinusoidal SLC transporters like NTCP, OAT2, OAT7, OCT1, OATP1B1 and OATP2B1 whereas those of c
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tryptophan hydroxylase DAergic as well as GABAergic and glut
2023-09-09
DAergic, as well as GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons, send projections to target forebrain structures, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and support diverse functional roles (Carr and Sesack, 2000a, Carr and Sesack, 2000b, Omelchenko and Sesack, 2009, Taylor
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In vitro studies with soman inhibited non aged AChE
2023-09-09
In vitro studies with soman-inhibited, non-aged AChE revealed a species dependent reactivating potency of HI-6 and MMB-4. With guinea pig AChE second order reactivation rate constants of 0.051 and 0.038mM−1min−1 were determined for HI-6 and MMB-4, respectively (Luo et al., 2007). Corresponding value
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